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Authors
Madelaire, Carla B. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4399-715X
Barsotti, Adriana M. G. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3213-3230
Wagener, Carla https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2248-6043
Vieira Sugano, Yuri Y. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4581-2745
Baxter-Gilbert, James https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1283-8893
Gomes, Fernando R. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2244-6161
Measey, John https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9939-7615
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (2018/00406-0, 2018/23661-6, 2014/16320-7)
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (302308/2016-4)
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Article History
Received: 18 February 2020
Revised: 29 May 2020
Accepted: 3 June 2020
First Online: 14 June 2020
Compliance with ethical standards
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: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
: Ethics clearance for research on captive toads was obtained from Stellenbosch University Animal Ethics Committee (protocol number ACU-2019-8839) that follows the South African National Standard for the Care and Use of Animals for Scientific Purpose, and from the Comissão de Ética no Uso de Animais (CEUA: 249/2016) of Instituto de Biociências da Universidade de São Paulo that follows the ARRIVE Guidelines (Kilkenny et al. ). All applicable national and international guidelines for the use of animals were followed. Permits for toad collections in the native area (Durban: KZN Wildlife permit number: OP 4353/2018) and invasive area (Cape Town: CapeNature CN44-31-7259) came from South African provincial conservation authorities.
: Not applicable
: All authors gave final approval for publication.
