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Authors
Hämäläinen, Reetta https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4047-8442
Kivelä, Sami M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6844-9168
Forsman, Jukka T. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4156-7930
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
University of Oulu
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Article History
Received: 27 December 2024
Revised: 8 January 2026
Accepted: 2 February 2026
First Online: 24 February 2026
Declarations
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: The field work and handling of animals were carried out in accordance with Finnish legislation, and research permit to conduct the experiment was issued by the Finnish Centre for Economic Development, Transport and the Environment (permit number: VARELY/774/2018). According to institutional and national guidelines, ethical approval from an ethics committee was not required for this study.
: The authors have no competing interests to declare.
