Sun, Mingshuai
Liu, Chunjun https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4741-058X
Funding for this research was provided by:
Funds of Peking Union Medical College, Plastic Surgery Hospital (YS202016)
Capital's Funds for Health Improvement and Research (2024-1-4041)
Article History
Received: 8 September 2025
Accepted: 29 September 2025
First Online: 29 October 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The data released by the SEER database are publicly available and retrospective; thus, formal consent is not required.