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Article History

Received: 15 July 2025

Accepted: 25 October 2025

First Online: 8 December 2025

Declarations

:

: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Committee of the first author’s hospital and was conducted following the tenets of the 2013 revision of the Declaration of Helsinki. This was a retrospective study, in which no experiments were performed on animals or human participants.

: All patients gave written informed consent to surgery.

: Statement of human and animal rights or ethical approval: This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.