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Article History

Received: 14 April 2025

Accepted: 24 November 2025

First Online: 5 January 2026

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no conflicts of interest related to this study.

: The study was conducted as part of the author’s medical thesis at the Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Marrakech, Université Cadi Ayyad, and was approved by the institutional ethics committee under reference number TH 144-20. All procedures were reviewed to ensure compliance with journal and institutional ethical guidelines

: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki and adhered to accepted standards for research involving human participants.

: Informed consent was obtained digitally from all participants prior to survey participation. Participants were explicitly informed that the study was voluntary, anonymous, and that they could withdraw at any time without consequence.

: No identifying or personal data were collected. All survey responses were completely anonymous and stored securely for aggregate analysis only.

: During the preparation of this work, the authors used ChatGPT in order to improve language and readability, with caution. After using this tool/service, the authors reviewed and edited the content as needed and take full responsibility for the content of the publication.