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Authors
Knoedler, Samuel https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5798-8003
Watson, Jennifer A.
Klimitz, Felix J.
Perozzo, Filippo A. G.
Schaschinger, Thomas
Hoffmann, Luzie
von Isenburg, Sarah
Schemet, Lena
Reinert, Patrick
Friedrich, Sarah
Allam, Omar
Diatta, Fortunay
Kim, Bong-Sung
Kauke-Navarro, Martin
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Technische Universität München
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Article History
Received: 28 July 2025
Accepted: 29 December 2025
First Online: 25 February 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Institutional Review Board of Yale School of Medicine (IRB Protocol ID: 2000035387). Since all data in the ACS-NSQIP database were de-identified, this study was classified as non-human subject research and informed consent was waived by the ethics committee.
: This study used de-identified data from the ACS-NSQIP database. No individual patient data requiring consent for publication were included in this manuscript.
