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Authors
Zhi, Jiajun
Feng, Jingwei
Zhao, Luping
Yu, Xiaobo
Pan, Bo
Jiang, Haiyue
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Special Program of Clinical and Translational Medicine Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2021-12M-C&T-B-076)
CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (2021-I2M-1-052)
Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission (Z221100007422084)
Young Scientists Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (8230092675)
Beijing Natural Science Foundation (7244400)
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Article History
Received: 30 March 2025
Accepted: 9 February 2026
First Online: 4 March 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. This study was approved by Institutional Review Board of the Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.
: Written consent forms for the surgery and the use of portraits were obtained from all patients and/or their guardians before the surgery. All patients and/or their guardians voluntarily participated in this study and provided consent for the publication of photographs collected during the study in open-access journals.
