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Authors
Wu, Gavin https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9675-2608
Chick, Jeffrey Forris Beecham
Shin, David S.
Monroe, Eric J.
Anand, Rohit V.
Hage, Anthony N.
Bundy, Jacob J.
Makary, Mina S.
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Article History
Received: 11 January 2026
Accepted: 25 February 2026
First Online: 14 March 2026
Declarations
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: J.F.B.C. is a consultant and speaker for Inari Medical, Guerbet, C. R. Bard, Argon Medical Devices, Boston Scientific, and NXT Biomedical. E.J.M. is a scientific advisor and speaker for Biogen. None of the other authors have identified a conflict of interest.
: This retrospective study was approved by the Institutional Review Board. For this type of study, formal consent is not required.
: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.
: Consent for publication was obtained for every individual person’s data included in the study.
