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Authors
Muñoz-Leija, David https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7400-3875
Lozano-Carrillo, Luis Carlos https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1731-0315
Castillo-Treviño, Jessica Nohemí
Vílchez-Cavazos, José Félix https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9540-3379
Muñoz-Leija, Milton Alberto https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7839-1158
Pinales-Razo, Ricardo
Guzmán-López, Santos
Teran-Garza, Rodrigo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6895-9555
Quiroga-Garza, Alejandro https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5398-247X
Elizondo-Omaña, Rodrigo Enrique https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8017-2640
Gutiérrez-de-la-O, Jorge
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Article History
Received: 11 September 2025
Accepted: 7 November 2025
First Online: 5 December 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was approved by the Research and Ethics Committees of the Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (approval number: AH21-00012). The study adhered to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and complied with national and international research guidelines. The requirement for informed consent was waived because this was a retrospective study using anonymized CT data.
: Not applicable (retrospective study with anonymized imaging data, informed consent waived by the Ethics Committee).
