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Authors
Khaksari, Mohammad Navid https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6113-0007
Oraei Sajjadi, Kimia https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9423-0053
Arianmanesh, Fatemeh https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9629-4443
Ayatollahi, Hossein https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1315-8571
Boroumand-Noughabi, Samaneh https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5522-6176
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Article History
Received: 14 July 2025
Accepted: 21 November 2025
First Online: 15 January 2026
Declarations
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: All participant information remained confidential and was used solely for research purposes, with data analysis conducted without inclusion of names or personal identifiers. The retrospective use of patient data in this study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (approval code: IR.MUMS.MEDICAL.REC.1403.244).
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
