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Authors
Du, Li’an
Li, Fu
Ding, Luping
Song, Li
Li, Xiaoling
Ji, Muyuan
Pei, Wenting
Wei, Ruoying
Liu, Zhijuan
Ding, Hui
Yang, Xiaomei
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Science and Technology Development Program of Jinan Municipal Health Commission (2024304033)
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Article History
Received: 13 October 2025
Accepted: 15 January 2026
First Online: 26 January 2026
Declarations
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: The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Children’s Hospital Affiliated with Shandong University in China (approval number: SDFE-IRB/T-2025122). All patients included in this study are under 16 years of age. Due to the retrospective nature of this study, the consent from legal guardians of all patients was waived by the above ethics committee.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
