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Authors
Lanamtieng, Theerin https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6690-3024
Mervaala-Muroke, Anna
Toivanen, Laura
Porkka, Kimmo
Brück, Oscar https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7842-9419
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
University of Helsinki
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Article History
Received: 11 September 2025
Accepted: 23 January 2026
First Online: 6 February 2026
Declarations
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: Personal data in this registry is processed in accordance with Article 9(2) of the General Data Protection Regulation and Act on the Secondary Use of Health and Social Data, which permit the use of personal health data for scientific research purposes subject to appropriate safeguards without notifying each individual separately. However, individuals have the right to prohibit the use of their data.
: The study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki and to European and national data privacy regulations. The use of clinical data was approved by the institutional research board (study permit HUS/179/2024).
: OB declares research funding (Pfizer and Gilead Sciences), consultancy fees (AstraZeneca, Novartis, Sanofi, Astellas Pharma, GSK, and Amgen), and stock ownership (Cellbytes Ltd). KP reports research funding (AbbVie, BMS/Celgene, Incyte, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche), stock ownership (Cellbytes Ltd). For the remaining authors, no relevant conflicts of interest were declared.
