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Article History

Received: 5 January 2026

Accepted: 4 April 2026

First Online: 16 April 2026

Declarations

:

: MS has shares and is co-founder of Recolony/Adaluria AG, Zurich, CH and has shares in PharmaBiome AG, Zurich, CH. MS served as Advisor for Abbvie, Gilead, Fresenius, Topadur, Takeda, Roche, Astra Zeneca, Pileje and Celltrion. MS received speaker’s honoraria from Janssen, Falk Pharma, Vifor Pharma, Pileje, Institut Allergosan and Bromatech. MS received research grants from Abbvie, Takeda, Gilead, Gnubiotics, Roche, Axalbion, Pharmabiome, Topadur, Basilea, MBiomics, Storm Therapeutics, LimmatTech, Zealand Pharma, NodThera, Calypso Biotech, Menarini, Pileje, Herbodee, Vifor. The other authors declare no conflict of interest