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Article History

Received: 25 October 2025

Accepted: 3 January 2026

First Online: 5 February 2026

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: All authors declare agreement and consent for publication.

: The authors declare that ChatGPT (GPT-5, OpenAI) was used to improve the English language and writing style of this manuscript. The authors reviewed and verified all AI-generated suggestions to ensure the accuracy and integrity of the final content.

: This study was approved by the ethics committee of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, with reference number IR.ARUMS.REC.1403.197.