Funding for this research was provided by:
University of Louisville (EVPRI grant “Spatial Population Dynamics with Disease”)
American Mathematical Society (AMS Research Communities “Survival Dynamics for Contact Process with Quarantine”)
Article History
Received: 16 November 2024
Revised: 16 August 2025
Accepted: 12 October 2025
First Online: 22 October 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest or competing interests relevant to this research.
: This article does not contain any studies or data involving human participants and animals performed by any of the authors.