Jensen, Oliver E. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0172-6578
Revell, Christopher K.
Funding for this research was provided by:
Leverhulme Trust (RPG-2021-394)
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/T001984/1)
Article History
Received: 6 October 2025
Revised: 24 February 2026
Accepted: 25 February 2026
First Online: 28 March 2026
Declarations
:
: None
: Not applicable
: For the purpose of open access, the authors have applied a Creative Commons Attribution (CCBY) licence to any Author Accepted Manuscript version arising.
: Not applicable
: In addition to code used to generate results for this paper, found at Revell ( ), the VertexModel.jl code is available on GitHub, specifically in the ablation branch Revell ( ), as is the new DiscreteCalculus.jl package (Revell ), which contains all methods and operators described in this paper. All code was written in the Julia language (Bezanson et al. ), making use of the DifferentialEquations.jl library (Rackauckas and Nie ), and all results visualisations were created with the Makie.jl plotting package (Danisch and Krumbiegel ) and Scientific Colormaps (Crameri ).