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Authors
Gavan, Sean P. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3659-056X
Chang, Sainan https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3208-9799
Rivellese, Felice https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6759-7521
Ide, Zoë
Stadler, Michael https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3689-4256
Payne, Katherine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3938-4350
Plant, Darren https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1395-9344
Barton, Anne https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3316-2527
Pitzalis, Costantino https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1326-5051
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR204342, NIHR203308, NIHR203330)
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Article History
Received: 10 January 2025
Accepted: 10 May 2025
First Online: 14 June 2025
Declarations
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: SPG, SC, FR, ZI, MS, KP, and DP declare no conflicts of interest. AB reports receiving grant funding from Pfizer and BMS, and speaker fees from Galapagos. CP reports receiving honoraria and/or research & development grants from: AbbVie, AnaptysBio, BMS, Janssen/J&J, Kiniksa, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi, Roche, and UCB.
: All individuals in the R4RA trial dataset and the RAMS external validation dataset provided written informed consent to participate. Ethical approval for the R4RA trial was attained by the institutional review board of each study centre or relevant independent ethics committee (UK Medical Research and Ethics Committee, reference no. 12/WA/0307). Ethical approval for the RAMS study was attained by the Central Manchester NHS Research Ethics Committee (reference 08/H1008/25).
