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Article History

Received: 15 December 2025

Accepted: 27 February 2026

First Online: 21 March 2026

Declarations

:

: The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results.. K.U. reports honoraria from AbbVie Inc. and Johnson & Johnson; travel support from Pfizer Inc., AbbVie Inc., and Johnson & Johnson; and participation in industry-sponsored clinical trials supported by AbbVie Inc., Takeda, Alfasigma, Novartis, and Sun Pharma. R.M. reports honoraria from AbbVie, Novartis, Stada, Johnson & Johnson, Pfizer, Amgen, and Sandoz; participation in industry-sponsored clinical trials supported by AbbVie, GSK, Novartis, Dr Reddy’s, Celltrion, Sun Pharma, Eli Lilly, Regeneron, Sandoz, Arxg, Takeda, and Moonlake; and educational support from AbbVie, Novartis, Roche, and Accord. K.L. reports honoraria from AbbVie, Sandoz, Janssen, Novartis, and Berlin-Chemie, and travel support from AbbVie, Novartis, and Janssen. S.V. declares no conflicts of interest.

: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the National Institute for Health Development, Estonia (Tervise Arengu Instituudi inimuuringute eetikakomitee (TAIEK); Study No. 2396, TAIEK meeting protocol No. 44. Decision No. 1122 issued on October 17, 2022.).

: Informed consent was waivered due to the retrospective nature of the study (approved by the IRB).

: This manuscript is original and has not been published previously, nor is it under consideration for publication elsewhere, in whole or in part.

: ChatGPT (GPT-5.1, OpenAI) was used between March 2025 and January 2026. Specifically, it was applied to assist with drafting, restructuring, and improving the clarity and flow of text. The authors reviewed and edited all AI-assisted content to ensure accuracy and scientific integrity. No AI was used for data collection, analysis, or interpretation.