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Article History

Received: 8 April 2026

Accepted: 13 May 2026

First Online: 13 June 2026

Declarations

:

: The author declares no competing interests relevant to the content of this article.

: Not applicable. This narrative review did not involve human participants, human data, or animal subjects.

: Not applicable. This narrative review did not contain any individual person's data in any form.

: During manuscript preparation and revision, Anthropic Claude was used in May 2026 to assist with language refinement, clarity, formatting consistency, and editorial revision. No part of this review was copied from any other source or generated by artificial intelligence without substantive review and editing by the author. The author carefully reviewed, edited, and approved all AI-assisted suggestions, verified the accuracy of the content and references against the original sources, and takes full responsibility for the final manuscript.

: Automated language-checking software, including Paperpal, was used only for grammar, spelling, punctuation, and readability. No external medical writer, editing agency, or paid third-party individual contributed to the manuscript’s intellectual content, interpretation, conclusions, or authorship. The author reviewed and approved the final manuscript.

: The author declares that no part of this manuscript has been copied from, previously published, or submitted for publication elsewhere, in whole or in part, in any language. The manuscript is original work submitted exclusively to Rheumatology International.

: During manuscript preparation and revision, Anthropic Claude was used in May 2026 to assist with language refinement, clarity, formatting consistency, and editorial revision. No part of this review was copied from any other source or generated by artificial intelligence without substantive review and editing by the author. The author carefully reviewed, edited, and approved all AI-assisted suggestions, verified the accuracy of the content and references against the original sources, and takes full responsibility for the final manuscript.