Juáres, Mariana A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6763-0416
Farace Rey, Antonella https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4900-4190
Matko, Claudio https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6283-2484
Rozas Sia, Mauro G. https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8681-792X
Casaux, Ricardo https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3417-8459
Soutullo, Álvaro https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3198-7878
Santos, M. Mercedes
Funding for this research was provided by:
Instituto Antártico Argentino - Dirección Nacional del Antártico (PINST-05)
Article History
Received: 9 September 2025
Revised: 30 December 2025
Accepted: 5 January 2026
First Online: 6 February 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
: All procedures involving Adélie and gentoo penguins were conducted under appropriate international, national, and/or institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals. All the necessary approvals for conducting this research were properly obtained. The Dirección Nacional del Antártico (Environmental Management Office) granted the permission to conduct this study.