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Article History

Received: 30 November 2018

Revised: 27 March 2019

Accepted: 29 March 2019

First Online: 25 April 2019

Compliance with ethical standards

:

: The scientific guarantor of this publication is Prof. Emilio Quaia.

: The authors of this manuscript declare no relationships with any companies, whose products or services may be related to the subject matter of the article.

: No complex statistical methods were necessary for this paper.

: Written informed consent was not required for this study because it concerns the development of a technique perfected over the years with the experience gained in our center; therefore, it is not focused on a patient population. However, all patients who are sent to our facility to undergo the procedure expressed their written consent to that.

: Institutional Review Board approval was not required because this work describes our protocol to perform AVS procedure.

: • Performed at one institution