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Article History

Received: 13 December 2019

Revised: 27 January 2020

Accepted: 19 March 2020

First Online: 3 April 2020

Compliance with ethical standards

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: The scientific guarantor of this publication is Shigeki Yamada who is assistant professor at the Department of Neurosurgery, Shiga University of Medical Science.

: Some authors of this manuscript declare the relationship with FUJIFILM Corporation because this study used the SYNAPSE 3D workstation (FUJIFILM Corporation; Tokyo, Japan). Shigeki Yamada (the first author) received speakers’ honoraria from Fujifilm Medical Systems. Hirotaka Ito (the third author) is a main developer of the 4D flow application and had substantial contributions to the development of the programing code for data management on the SYNAPSE 3D workstation.The other authors of this manuscript declare no relationships with any companies, whose products or services may be related to the subject matter of the article.

: Shigeki Yamada (the first author) has statistical expertise. He learned biostatistics at the Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto University School of Public Health, from 2001 to 2004. Since 2003, he was responsible for the statistical analysis in more than 30 major papers.

: Written informed consent was obtained from all subjects (patients) in this study.

: Institutional Review Board approval was obtained. The study design and protocol were first approved by the ethics committee for human research at Rakuwakai Otowa Hospital in 2017 (IRB Number: Rakuoto-Rin-17-041). In addition, it was further approved by the ethics committee at Shiga University of Medical Science on October 11, 2019 (IRB Number: R2019-227).

: Although all the contents of this manuscript have not been published or presented elsewhere in part or in entirety and are not under consideration by another journal, study subjects overlap in the following publication:

: • prospective, cross-sectional study, performed at one institution