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Article History

Received: 17 February 2022

Revised: 24 May 2022

Accepted: 26 May 2022

First Online: 27 June 2022

Declarations

:

: This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81627804, 81830058, 81901760, and 82102070), and Shanghai Anticancer Association SOAR Project (No. SACA-AX201905).

: The authors of this manuscript declare no relationships with any companies, whose products or services may be related to the subject matter of the article.

: One of the authors has significant statistical expertise.

: Written informed consent was waived by the Institutional Review Board.

: Institutional Review Board approval was obtained (Ref No 1802181-22-NSFC).

: The research team has been working on the association among sonographic features, biological properties, and clinical outcomes of TNBCs since 2018 with a series of publications with different study objectives and designs. There were some inevitable overlaps in the patient cohorts. There were 636 patients in the present study. A cohort of 75 patients in this study were published in the previous study in Scientific Reports in 2018 (reference 27 in the present study) in which the sonographic variety of TNBCs was addressed. A cohort of 81 patients in this study were published in the <i>Chinese Journal of Ultrasonography</i> in 2019 (not referred to in the present study) in which the feasibility study of using quantitative sonographic features to correlate with biological properties was evaluated. A cohort of 88 cases were published in Annals of Translational Medicine in 2020 (reference 41 in the present study) in which we found the sonographic appearances of TNBCs are associated with the four molecular subtypes based on mRNA and lncRNA. Sonographic features of TNBCs had the trend to correlate with the survival outcome. Meanwhile, the same cohort of patients was then published in Frontiers in Oncology in 2021 (reference 26 in the present study) in which an integrated predictive model based on sonographic features was established for evaluating the risk of tumor recurrence estimated from the mRNAs and lncRNAs. A cohort of 92 patients were published in European Radiology (reference 43 in the present study) in which the performance to predict tumor biological property using quantitative high-throughput feature analysis was compared with that of two-dimensional sonographic feature assessment.

: • Retrospective• Diagnostic or prognostic study• Performed at one institution