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Article History

Received: 28 June 2024

Revised: 29 September 2024

Accepted: 17 November 2024

First Online: 21 December 2024

Compliance with ethical standards

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: The scientific guarantor of this publication is L.E.M. Duijm.

: L.E.M.D. is a member of the Scientific Editorial Board of European Radiology (section: Breast). As such, they have not participated in the selection nor review processes for this article. The remaining authors of this manuscript declare no relationships with any companies, whose products or services may be related to the subject matter of the article.

: A.C. Voogd kindly provided statistical advice for this manuscript.

: Written informed consent was obtained from all subjects (patients) in this study.

: Institutional Review Board approval was not required, according to the Dutch Central Committee on Research involving Human Subjects (CCMO).

: A part of this study was previously presented at the European Breast Cancer Conference (EBCC-13) 2022. A poster presentation and abstract were submitted with preliminary results by one of the current co-authors (F. Rozemond). This study was thereafter, with the full consent of F. Rozemond, assigned to E. van der Veer, the main author. Later, additional analyses were performed and added to the manuscript (and abstract). Reference: Rozemond F, Generaal M, Coolen A, Bluekens N, Voogd A, Duijm L. 103 (PB-103) Poster—Interhospital variations in diagnostic work-up following recall at biennial screening mammography—a population-based study. European Journal of Cancer. 2022; 175 (1): S33 (abstract only). This study cohort overlaps with two previously reported articles regarding interhospital variation and clinical diagnostic work-up. The first article is ‘Gommers JJ, Voogd AC, Broeders MJ, et al (2021). Breast magnetic resonance imaging as a problem-solving tool in women recalled at biennial screening mammography: A population-based study in the Netherlands. Breast 60: 279–86.’ They reported inter-hospital variation in the use of problem-solving MRI, but they only applied univariate analyses. This study differs from our study, because our study applied multivariate analyses, and we studied the interhospital variation of the complete clinical work-up spectrum after recall. The second article is ‘Duijm LEM, Strobbe LJA, van Breest Smallenburg V, et al (2023). Trends in the preoperative diagnosis and surgical management of axillary lymph node metastases in women with screen-detected breast cancer. Breast 72: epub.’ They studied the diagnostic work-up of axillary lymph node metastases in different time periods. This differs from our study since we studied the diagnostic work-up of axillary lymph node metastases between different hospitals.

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