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Article History

Received: 29 March 2025

Revised: 29 March 2025

Accepted: 7 April 2025

First Online: 1 May 2025

Compliance with ethical standards

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: The scientific guarantor of this publication is Meike Vernooij.

: Research programs of W.M.v.d.F. have been funded by ZonMW, NWO, EU-JPND, EU-IHI, Alzheimer Nederland, Hersenstichting CardioVascular Onderzoek Nederland, Health~Holland, Topsector Life Sciences & Health, stichting Dioraphte, Noaber foundation, Pieter Houbolt Fonds, Gieskes-Strijbis fonds, stichting Equilibrio, Edwin Bouw fonds, Pasman stichting, Philips, Biogen MA Inc, Novartis-NL, Life-MI, AVID, Roche BV, Eli-Lilly-NL, Fujifilm, Eisai, Combinostics. W.M.v.d.F. holds the Pasman chair. W.M.v.d.F. is the recipient of IHI- PROMINENT (#101112145) and IHI-AD-RIDDLE (#101132933). PROMINENT and AD-RIDDLE are supported by the Innovative Health Initiative Joint Undertaking (IHI JU). The JU receives support from the European Union’s Horizon Europe research and innovation program and COCIR, EFPIA, EuropaBio, MedTech Europe, and Vaccines Europe, with Davos Alzheimer’s Collaborative, Combinostics OY, Cambridge Cognition Ltd., C2N Diagnostics LLC, and neotiv GmbH. W.M.v.d.F. has been an invited speaker at Biogen MA Inc., Danone, Eisai, WebMD Neurology (Medscape), NovoNordisk, Springer Healthcare, European Brain Council. All funding is paid to her institution. W.M.v.d.F. is a consultant to Oxford Health Policy Forum CIC, Roche, Biogen MA Inc., and Eisai. All funding is paid to her institution. W.M.v.d.F. participated in advisory boards of Biogen MA Inc., Roche, and Eli Lilly. W.M.v.d.F. is a member of the steering committee of the phase 3 EVOKE/EVOKE+ studies (NovoNordisk). W.M.v.d.F. is a member of the steering committee of the phase 3 Trontinemab study (Roche). All funding is paid to her institution. W.M.v.d.F. is a member of the steering committee of PAVE, and Think Brain Health. W.M.v.d.F. is a member of the Scientific Leadership Group of InRAD. W.M.v.d.F. was associate editor of Alzheimer, Research & Therapy in 2020/2021. W.M.v.d.F. is an associate editor at Brain. W.M.v.d.F. is member of Supervisory Board (Raad van Toezicht) Trimbos Instituut. M.W.V. has been an invited speaker at Eisai. All funding is paid to her institution. H.S. has no disclosures related to the current manuscript.

: No complex statistical methods were necessary for this paper.

: Written informed consent was not required.

: Institutional Review Board approval was not required.

: Not applicable.

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