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Authors
Ghotbi, Elena
Bluemke, David A.
Hathaway, Quincy A.
Klein, Joshua G.
Shabani, Mahsima
Akhtarkhavari, Sepehr
Barr, R. Graham
Bancks, Michael P.
Post, Wendy S.
Budoff, Matthew
Lima, João A. C.
Demehri, Shadpour https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6398-8448
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (75N92020D00001, HHSN268201500003I, N01-HC-95159, 75N92020D00005, N01-HC-95160, 75N92020D00002, N01-HC-95161, 75N92020D00003, N01-HC-95162, 75N92020D00006, N01-HC-95163, 75N92020D00004, N01-HC-95164, 75N92020D00007, N01-HC-95165, N01-HC-95166, N01-HC-95167, N01-HC-95168 and N01-HC-95169)
National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (UL1-TR-000040, UL1-TR-001079, and UL1-TR-001420)
National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (R01 AR079620)
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Article History
Received: 13 December 2024
Revised: 21 May 2025
Accepted: 30 May 2025
First Online: 9 August 2025
Compliance with ethical standards
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: The scientific guarantor of this publication is the corresponding author, Dr. Shadpour Demehri.
: W.S.P.: Received NIH funding; M.B.: Received grant from General Electric and NIH. The remaining authors declare no conflicts of interest.
: No complex statistical methods were necessary for this paper. Statistical analysis has been done by Elena Ghotbi and overseen by other authors.
: Written informed consent was obtained from all MESA participants.
: The MESA protocol was approved by Institutional Review Boards at all participating institutions.
: This study was conducted on MESA participants and does not overlap with previously published studies.
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