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Authors
Maes, Louise
Peluso, Jo P.
Benzakoun, Joseph
Demeestere, Jelle
Khan, Ching Fawad
Desfontaines, Philippe
De Pauw, Adinda
Collins, Ronan
McCabe, Dominick J. H.
Cronin, Simon
Williams, David J.
De Raedt, Sylvie
Purroy, Francisco
Vanhooren, Geert
Pope, George
Vanacker, Peter
Cassidy, Tim
Walsh, Cathal
Bos, Daniel
Kelly, Peter
Lemmens, Robin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4948-5956
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Health Research Board
Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
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Article History
Received: 12 December 2024
Revised: 10 July 2025
Accepted: 14 July 2025
First Online: 3 August 2025
Compliance with ethical standards
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: The scientific guarantor of this publication is Robin Lemmens.
: Robin Lemmens is a Senior Clinical Investigator of Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek Vlaanderen (Research Foundation Flanders). Dominick McCabe’s Vascular Neurology Research program is currently supported by grants from the Meath Foundation, Ireland; the Adelaide Health Foundation, Ireland; the Vascular Neurology Research Foundation, Ireland; the Enterprise Ireland-Innovation Partnership Program (co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund); a Health Service Executive Spark Impact Award; and by unrestricted educational grant funding from Werfen, Spain; Sysmex Ireland-UK/Siemens, Germany; SINNOWA Medical Science & Technology Co., China; Acquis BI Technology Ltd., Ireland, and Genomadix Inc., Canada. The authors of this manuscript declare no relationships with any companies, whose products or services may be related to the subject matter of the article.
: No complex statistical methods were necessary for this paper.
: Written informed consent was obtained from all subjects (patients) in this study. The authors declare that this report does not contain any personal information that could lead to the identification of the patients.
: This study is a pre-specified secondary analysis within the CONVINCE trial. The CONVINCE trial protocol was approved by national regulators in each participating country and by institutional review boards or ethics committees in each participating hospital (the first ethics approval was by the Mater University Hospital Dublin, reference 1/478/75). The authors declare that the work described has been performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki of the World Medical Association, revised in 2013, for experiments involving humans.
: The main results of the CONVINCE trial have been reported in The Lancet (2024). Ref: Kelly P, Lemmens R, Weimar C, et al. [].
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