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Authors
Park, Jae Hyon
Goh, Myung Ji
Sinn, Dong Hyun
Shin, Jaeseung
Rhee, Hyungjin https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7759-4458
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Research Foundation of Korea (RS-2023-00208307)
National Research Foundation of Korea (RS-2025-00516874)
Korea Health Technology R0026;D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute (RS-2024-00407544)
Technology Development Program Ministry of SMEs and Startups (RS-2025-02220265)
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Article History
Received: 26 May 2025
Revised: 6 August 2025
Accepted: 14 September 2025
First Online: 4 October 2025
Compliance with ethical standards
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: The scientific guarantor of this publication is Hyungjin Rhee.
: The authors of this manuscript declare no relationships with any companies, whose products or services may be related to the subject matter of the article.
: One of the authors (Hyungjin Rhee) has significant statistical expertise.
: Written informed consent was waived by the IRB.
: IRB approval was obtained. This retrospective study adhered to the ethical guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki. Patient consent was waived by the IRB of Severance Hospital (institution 1, IRB no. 4-2022-0574) and Samsung Medical Centre (institution 2, IRB No. 2022-12-102-001).
: Some study subjects or cohorts have not been previously reported.
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