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Article History

Received: 2 July 2025

Revised: 31 October 2025

Accepted: 27 November 2025

First Online: 24 December 2025

Compliance with ethical standards

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: The scientific guarantor of this publication is Dr. Julio Brandão Guimarães, MD, PhD.

: The authors of this manuscript declare no relationships with any companies, whose products or services may be related to the subject matter of the article.

: No complex statistical methods were necessary for this paper.

: Written informed consent was not required for this study because all imaging data were acquired as part of routine diagnostic procedures and are presented strictly for illustrative purposes. Patient anonymity has been preserved, and no identifiable personal information is disclosed.

: This manuscript is a narrative review. The illustrative imaging examples are fully anonymized archival cases used solely for educational purposes. No patient-identifying data were collected or analyzed, so formal Institutional Review Board/ethics committee approval was not required.

: Some study subjects or cohorts have not been previously reported or submitted for publication.

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