Wu, Yu
Yang, Hao
Luo, Xiaomei
Zheng, Haige
Zhou, Yan
Chen, Chengyan
Wang, Rui
Liu, Hongsheng
Zuo, Liandong
Zhang, Xiaochun https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9109-7853
Wang, Kejian
Peng, Xuehua
Funding for this research was provided by:
High-level talent research start-up project of Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center (2021RC001)
Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Project (2024A03J1253)
Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Project (202206010100)
Guangzhou Municipal Health and Family Planning Commission (20241A011038)
Article History
Received: 14 March 2025
Revised: 22 October 2025
Accepted: 7 December 2025
First Online: 13 January 2026
Compliance with ethical standards
:
: The scientific guarantor of this publication is Xiaochun Zhang.
: The authors of this manuscript declare no relationships with any companies, whose products or services may be related to the subject matter of the article.
: One of the authors has significant statistical expertise.
: Written informed consent was waived by the Institutional Review Board.
: Institutional Review Board approval was obtained.
: None of the study subjects or cohorts have been reported previously.
: