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Authors
Ghatak, Ankita
Newbury-Chaet, Isabella
Mercaldo, Sarah F.
Chin, John K.
Halle, Madeleine A.
L’Italien, Eric
MacDonald, Ashley L.
Schultz, Alex S.
Buch, Karen
Conklin, John
Mehan, William A.
Pomerantz, Stuart
Rincon, Sandra
Bizzo, Bernardo C.
Hillis, James M. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0435-0879
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Annalise-AI
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Article History
Received: 4 June 2025
Revised: 29 November 2025
Accepted: 7 January 2026
First Online: 4 February 2026
Compliance with ethical standards
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: The scientific guarantor of this publication is Dr. James Hillis.
: All authors (A.G., I.N.-C., S.F.M., J.K.C., M.A.H., E.L., A.L.M., A.S.S., K.B., J.C., W.A.M., S.P., S.R., B.C.B., and J.M.H.) were employees of Mass General Brigham and/or Massachusetts General Hospital at the time of the study, which had received institutional funding from Harrison AI (formerly Annalise-AI) for the study. The authors report no separate conflicts of interest related to this study.
: Ankita Ghatak and Sarah Mercaldo (two of the authors) completed the analyses and have extensive statistical expertise (completion of master’s and doctoral level qualifications, respectively).
: Informed consent was waived by the Institutional Review Board as detailed in the “Methods” section.
: Institutional Review Board approval was received as detailed in the “Methods” section.
: A manuscript on these study subjects has not been previously published. A preprint of this manuscript has previously been posted on Research Square at .
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