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Authors
Arzideh, Kamyar https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6074-804X
Schäfer, Henning
Idrissi-Yaghir, Ahmad
Eryilmaz, Bahadir
Warmer, Sina
Hartmann, Eva Maria
Borys, Katarzyna
Schmidt, Cynthia Sabrina
Haubold, Johannes
Umutlu, Lale
Forsting, Michael
Nensa, Felix
Hosch, René
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Article History
Received: 24 October 2025
Revised: 12 January 2026
Accepted: 10 February 2026
First Online: 14 March 2026
Compliance with ethical standards
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: The scientific guarantor of this publication is René Hosch.
: The authors of this manuscript declare no relationships with any companies, whose products or services may be related to the subject matter of the article.
: No complex statistical methods were necessary for this paper.
: Due to the study’s retrospective nature, the requirement of written informed consent was waived by the Ethics Committee of the Medical Faculty of the University of Duisburg-Essen.
: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Medical Faculty of the University of Duisburg-Essen (approval number 23-11557-BO, 20.02.2024). All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations.
: The study subjects or cohorts have not been previously reported.
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