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Authors
Lubbad, Omar https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0402-5610
Hagos, Akram
Lubbad, Laila
Hwessa, Moadh
Morassi, Giuseppe L.
Mazarakis, Nektarios K.
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Article History
Received: 10 February 2026
Revised: 15 June 2026
Accepted: 19 July 2026
First Online: 18 August 2026
Compliance with ethical standards
Guarantor: The scientific guarantor of this publication is Omar Lubbad.
Conflict of interest: The authors of this manuscript declare no relationships with any companies whose products or services may be related to the subject matter of the article.
Statistics and biometry: One of the authors has significant statistical expertise.
Informed consent: Not required due to the review nature.
Ethical approval: Institutional Review Board approval was not required because this is a review.
Study subjects or cohorts overlap: Some studies were previously included in a meta-analysis accepted in Osteoporosis International , looking at the diagnostic performance of lumbar computed tomography Hounsfield unit thresholds for osteoporosis and osteopenia using similar methodologies. This manuscript addresses a distinct question by comparing computed tomography Hounsfield units with the MRI-based vertebral bone quality score.
Methodology:
