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Article History

Received: 21 February 2025

Accepted: 29 June 2025

First Online: 14 July 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was conducted in accordance with ethical standards, specifically the guidelines outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical oversight and guidance were provided by the Research Ethics Committees of Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman.The semen samples used in this research were collected from consenting patients at Afzalipour Hospital. Participants were provided with detailed information regarding the nature of the research, its purpose, and potential risks. They were informed that their sperm samples would either be used for research purposes or discarded, and they had the right to withdraw at any time without any consequences. Participation was voluntary, with patients assured that their privacy and confidentiality would be fully protected throughout the study.

: All research findings are presented in an anonymized format, ensuring complete confidentiality for all participants. Participants provided a general consent, allowing for the use of their samples in research. No identifiable information is disclosed in any published results, figures, or discussions. This assures the anonymity of participants in all publications, presentations, and future uses of the research findings.

: All authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest or non-financial interest in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript. On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest.