Zhu, Ankang
Cai, Mingju
Wang, Cheng
Gong, Hao
Wang, Li
Funding for this research was provided by:
University Natural Science Research Project of Anhui Province (2024AH051174)
Dalian High-Level Talent Innovation Program (2024YYX76QD)
Program for Jiangsu Provincial Excellent Scientific and Technological Innovation Team (2024AH010017)
School level basic teaching organization - University physics Teaching and research Department (2023jcjxzz4)
Article History
Received: 15 December 2025
Accepted: 20 May 2026
First Online: 29 May 2026
Declarations
:
: This study does not involve human participants or animals. All experiments were conducted using materials and laboratory-based procedures in accordance with relevant institutional and international guidelines. Therefore, ethical approval was not required for this research.
: Not applicable. This study did not involve human participants or the use of personal or sensitive data.
: Not applicable. The manuscript does not contain any individual person’s data, images, or identifiable information.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests, financial or non-financial, that could have influenced the work reported in this paper.
: Authors do not have any conflicts.