Rocco, Nicholas R.
Stroup, Sean P.
Abdul-Muhsin, Haidar M.
Marshall, Michael T.
Santomauro, Michael G.
Christman, Matthew S.
L’Esperance, James O.
Castle, Erik P.
Article History
Received: 6 May 2019
Accepted: 31 July 2019
First Online: 9 September 2019
Compliance with ethical standards
:
: SPS, MGS, and JOL have served as surgical proctors for Intuitive Surgical, Inc.
: All procedures performed in this retrospective study involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the NMCSD Institutional Review Board (NMCSD.2012.0155) and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
: A waiver of informed consent was granted for this retrospective registry study in accordance with ethical standards and after approval of the NMCSD Institutional Review Board (NMCSD.2012.0155).