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Authors
Kawahara, Takashi
Nitta, Satoshi
Shiga, Masanobu
Nagumo, Yoshiyuki
Kandori, Shuya
Negoro, Hiromitsu
Sakamoto, Noriaki
Matsubara, Daisuke
Nishiyama, Hiroyuki
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Article History
Received: 30 July 2024
Accepted: 26 July 2025
First Online: 9 October 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the University of Tsukuba Hospital, Japan (approval number: H29-030). Informed consent was obtained using an opt-out method via the hospital website. Patients who declined participation were excluded from the study.
