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Authors
Atallah, Ehab
Dawoud, Abdullah
Ahmed, Abul-fotouh https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5137-8095
Ebeid, Abdelrahman
Soliman, Ahmed
Abdelazim, Hassan
Soliman, Awatef
Abdelhamid, Samar
Abdel-karim, Aly M.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Al-Azhar University
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Article History
Received: 9 October 2025
Accepted: 2 November 2025
First Online: 17 December 2025
<!--Emphasis Type='Bold' removed-->Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Research Ethics Committee of Al-Azhar University (Approval No.: URO-Azh 2023-18). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to enrollment. The study adhered to the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki (2013) and followed the CONSORT recommendations for reporting randomized clinical trials. Participation was voluntary, and patients retained the right to withdraw at any time without impact on their medical care.
