Liu, Ming
Li, Guoxiang
Yu, Jie
Wu, Qi
Hao, Zongyao
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82370768)
Natural Science Research Project of Anhui Educational Committee (2023AH040372)
Clinical Research Initiation Plan of First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University (LCYJ2021ZD001)
Outstanding Scientific Research and Innovation Team for Male Genitourinary Diseases in Anhui Provincial Universities (2022AH010071)
Article History
Received: 21 October 2025
Accepted: 9 January 2026
First Online: 23 February 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
: The study procedures involving human subjects comply with the regulations of the Institutional Review Board of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University where the study is located (IRB Approval No. PJ 2024-05-94), in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.