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Authors
Tanaka, Naoto https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2207-7119
Chitrakar, Akash
Kitamura, Satoshi
Katsura, Daiki
Yamamichi, Fukashi
Kaku, Yasuhiro
Fukiishi, Yosuke
Fujita, Masaichiro
Inoue, Takaaki
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Article History
Received: 9 August 2025
First Online: 16 February 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was reviewed and approved by the Hara Genitourinary Hospital Ethics Committee (registration number 2024-2-1-2) for nonhuman research. Written informed consent was obtained from a patient who donated the stone samples. The study did not involve any human participants or living animals. The porcine kidneys were harvested during the slaughter of pigs, and no pigs were sacrificed for experimental purposes.
