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Authors
Cheaib, Joseph G. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1679-2682
Rivera López, Carlos A.
Cronin, Craig
Alshak, Mark N.
El-Achkar, Adnan
Patel, Sunil H.
Singla, Nirmish
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Article History
Received: 9 December 2025
Accepted: 8 February 2026
First Online: 7 March 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This research study was deemed exempt from review and ethics approval by the Johns Hopkins Institutional Review Board and Ethics Committee due to its retrospective nature and use of de-identified SEER data for the analysis.
: There was waiver of informed consent for this study given the use of completely de-identified patient data from SEER for the analysis.
: Not applicable.
