Ozgur, Gunal https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3847-0089
Dorucu, Dogancan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9714-3336
Duran, Orhan Bugra https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9026-7655
Gokmen, Ersin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9845-163X
Senoglu, Yusuf https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3072-9252
Cam, Haydar Kamil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8275-5479
Sener, Tarik Emre https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0085-7680
Funding for this research was provided by:
Marmara University
Article History
Received: 26 September 2025
Accepted: 23 February 2026
First Online: 2 March 2026
Declarations
:
: No conflict declared.
: The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Marmara University, School of Medicine (Approval No: 09.2025.25–0192).
: This study was conducted retrospectively using previously collected and anonymized data from the PCNL Database; therefore, obtaining written informed consent from participants was not required.