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Authors
Lin, Manisha https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3004-8438
Sottung, Elizabeth https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9722-023X
Phan, Vietbao H. https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1197-8778
Kimani, Mumbi E. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1867-1972
Lallas, Costas D.
Davis, Raegan M.
Keith, Scott W. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9428-1151
Moeller, Patrick J.
Maio, Vittorio https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9971-6989
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Article History
Received: 24 January 2026
Accepted: 1 March 2026
First Online: 12 March 2026
Declarations
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: None of the contributing authors have any conflicts of interest, including specific financial interests and relationships and affiliations relevant to the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript. Preliminary results of this study have been presented at the 2024 Annual Meeting of the Mid-Atlantic Section of the American Urological Association, White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia, USA, September 7, 2024, and at the 2025 International Society Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research Annual International Meeting, Montreal, Canada, May 14, 2025.
: This is an observational study. The Thomas Jefferson University Institutional Review Board reviewed this study and determined it does not constitute human subjects’ research (IRB Letter, determination date: October 17, 2023). As such, ethics approval and informed consent were not required in accordance with institutional policies and U.S. federal regulations (45 CFR 46).
: Not applicable.
