Funding for this research was provided by:
Astellas Pharma
Eisai
Abbie
Takeda Pharmaceutical Company
Novartis Pharma
Santen
Bayer
Sanofi
Kyowa Hakko Kirin
Otsuka Pharmaceutical
Olympus
Kaken Pharmaceutical
Article History
Received: 6 January 2018
Accepted: 6 July 2018
First Online: 14 July 2018
Compliance with ethical standards
:
: Dr. Kawakami received honoraria from Astellas, Eisai, Abbie, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Novartis KK, Santen, Bayer Yakuhin, Sanofi K.K., Kyowa Hakko Kirin, and Otsuka Pharmaceutical and consult fees from Olympus and Kaken Pharmaceutical. There are no patents, products in development, or marketed products to declare that are relevant to those companies. Other authors: None declared.
: The present study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine (R0705).
: Because all data were anonymized, the requirement for informed consent was waived.