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Authors
Hagiwara, Hikaru https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0176-542X
Ouchi, Kohei
Suzuki, Mana
Iwabuchi, Yumi
Okada, Takashi
Okamoto, Takuro
Koya, Jiro
Komoriyama, Hirokazu
Kato, Yoshiya
Anzai, Toshihisa
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Article History
Received: 23 July 2025
Accepted: 5 November 2025
First Online: 23 November 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
: The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethics Committee of Kushiro City General Hospital (approval number: 2024–9).
: In this study, we used an opt-out method wherein participants were notified about the study via information disseminated on our hospital website.
