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Authors
Kishihara, Makoto
Minami, Yuichiro
Hattori, Hidetoshi
Haruki, Shintaro
Yamaguchi, Junichi
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Tokyo Women's Medical University
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Article History
Received: 15 January 2026
Accepted: 12 June 2026
First Online: 30 June 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
: This retrospective study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Tokyo Women’s Medical University and was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments. The requirement for written informed consent was waived due to the retrospective design.
: The requirement for informed consent was waived by the Ethics Committee of Tokyo Women’s Medical University because of the retrospective nature of the study and the use of anonymized clinical data. An opt-out method was used, and information about the study was publicly disclosed, allowing patients to refuse participation.
