Funding for this research was provided by:
University of the Witwatersrand
Article History
Received: 14 July 2025
Accepted: 23 December 2025
First Online: 17 January 2026
Declarations
:
: The Human Research Ethics Committee of the University of the Witwatersrand approved the study (reference number M240537). Informed consent from caregivers was obtained for the use of the data prior to VNS insertion.
: The authors declare no competing interests.