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Authors
Coelho, Karina Munhoz de Paula Alves
Pickler, José Guilherme
Xavier-Júnior, José Cândido Caldeira
Pedack, Francis Rossetti
Garcia, Raquel Francine Liermann
Fronza, Carlos Frederico
Silva, Bruna Louise
Junior, Acir Alves Coelho
de França, Paulo Henrique Condeixa
Sanches, Bárbara Sarni
Franczak, Priscila Ferraz
Isolan, Gustavo Rassier
Land, Marcelo Gerardin Poirot
Roesler, Rafael https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6016-2261
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul
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Article History
Received: 18 February 2026
Accepted: 19 July 2026
First Online: 24 July 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study utilized publicly available, anonymized secondary data from DATASUS and IBGE. In accordance with Brazilian regulations (Resolution 466/2012 of the National Health Council), this study, based exclusively on anonymized secondary data, was classified as minimal risk and exempt from formal ethics committee approval and individual informed consent.
Conflict of interest: The authors have no conflict of interest related to the contents of this manuscript to disclose.
