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Are stratospheric polar vortex disruptions what they seem? An alternative metric excludes tropospheric influences

Published Online: 2026-01-05

Published Print: 2026-01

Authors

Francis, Jennifer A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7358-9296
Skific, Natasa

Cohen, Judah
Funding

Funding for this research was provided by:

Woodwell Climate Research Center (3CS108)

Division of Atmospheric and Geospace Sciences (AGS-2140909)
License Information

Text and Data Mining valid from 2026-01-01

Version of Record valid from 2026-01-05
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Article History

Received: 20 April 2025

Accepted: 4 December 2025

First Online: 5 January 2026

Declarations

:

: The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.

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