Funding for this research was provided by:
National Key Research and Development Program of China (2023YFC3007503)
National Key Research and Development Program of China (2023YFF0805300)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (42305066)
Major Science and Technology Project of the Xizang Autonomous Region (XZ202402ZD0006)
Special Project for Innovation and Development of China Meteorological Administration (CXFZ2025Q024)
Youth Innovation Team of China Meteorological Administration “Climate change and its impact in the Tibetan Plateau” (CMA2023QN16)
State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Meteorological Science and Technology Project (2025QZA15)
Basic Research and Operational Special Project of Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences (2023Z024)
Article History
Received: 14 January 2025
Accepted: 8 December 2025
First Online: 29 January 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no conflict of interest or competing interest regarding the publication of this paper.